Tópicos y argumentos para la legitimación de la democracias : La dimensión normativa y la dimensión empírica de la cuestión democrática en el discurso fundacional de Raúl Alfonsín
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2019-06-07
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Facultad de Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales
Abstract
En 1983 se produce un punto de inflexión en la historia argentina: con la
recuperación de la democracia se pone fin a un ciclo –iniciado en 1930 con
el primer golpe de Estado– que se había caracterizado por la alternancia
entre gobiernos civiles y gobiernos militares. Esa constante alternancia
expresaba un débil arraigo de la legitimidad de la democracia en parte de la
sociedad. En ese sentido, el comienzo mismo de la democracia (luego de
siete años y nueve meses de terrorismo de Estado) generaba las
condiciones para la emergencia de intercambios discursivos propios de
aquella coyuntura, donde comenzar a construir la legitimidad de la
democracia desde su dimensión simbólica.
En este marco, el objeto de esta tesis es el discurso fundacional de la
recuperación de la democracia como espacio para la construcción de la
legitimidad democrática durante la transición. El objetivo del trabajo
consistió en analizar la dimensión simbólica de tal legitimación desde el
discurso presidencial de Raúl Alfonsín. Se sitúa en una perspectiva que
parte del supuesto epistemológico que entiende al lenguaje desde un punto
de vista pragmático, lo cual le asigna un rol fundamental en la construcción
de los acontecimientos, políticos en este caso. Es por este motivo que la
tesis se realiza en función de las teorizaciones acerca del Discurso Social,
y desde de una lectura de la dimensión discursiva de la construcción de la
legitimidad. En esa dirección, la interpretación del plano simbólico la
legitimidad permite hacer inteligible la dinámica del Discurso Social en la
construcción del sentido que la sociedad elabora en los contextos políticos.
1983 was a turning point in the history of Argentina: the recovery of democracy brings to an end a period, which started in 1930 with the first coup d’etat. This period had been characterized by the rotation between civilian governments and military dictatorships. That continuous alternation showed how weak the influence of the legitimacy of democracy was in part of the society. In that sense, the beginning of democracy itself (after seven years and nine months of state terrorism) created the conditions for the emergence of discourse exchanges which were typical of that situation, and where to start to build legitimacy of democracy from its own symbolic aspect. With this context in mind, the object of this thesis is the foundational discourse of the recovery of democracy as a space for the construction of democratic legitimacy during the transition. The aim of this work consists of analyzing the symbolic aspect of mentioned legitimacy from Raúl Alfonsin’s presidential speech. It is established from an epistemological perspective, which understands the language from a pragmatic point of view, and is assigned an essential role in the construction of occurrences, political in this case. Therefore, this thesis was written based on the theories of Social Discourse, and with a reading of the discourse dimension of the legitimacy construction. In that direction, the interpretation of the symbolic plan of the legitimacy allows to make the dynamics of the Social Discourse comprehensible in the construction of the way in which society develops in the political contexts.
1983 was a turning point in the history of Argentina: the recovery of democracy brings to an end a period, which started in 1930 with the first coup d’etat. This period had been characterized by the rotation between civilian governments and military dictatorships. That continuous alternation showed how weak the influence of the legitimacy of democracy was in part of the society. In that sense, the beginning of democracy itself (after seven years and nine months of state terrorism) created the conditions for the emergence of discourse exchanges which were typical of that situation, and where to start to build legitimacy of democracy from its own symbolic aspect. With this context in mind, the object of this thesis is the foundational discourse of the recovery of democracy as a space for the construction of democratic legitimacy during the transition. The aim of this work consists of analyzing the symbolic aspect of mentioned legitimacy from Raúl Alfonsin’s presidential speech. It is established from an epistemological perspective, which understands the language from a pragmatic point of view, and is assigned an essential role in the construction of occurrences, political in this case. Therefore, this thesis was written based on the theories of Social Discourse, and with a reading of the discourse dimension of the legitimacy construction. In that direction, the interpretation of the symbolic plan of the legitimacy allows to make the dynamics of the Social Discourse comprehensible in the construction of the way in which society develops in the political contexts.
Description
Keywords
Análisis del discurso, Democracia, Legitimación, Alfonsín, Raúl, Discurso político