Violencia social y relaciones de poder: “Constricciones de la Estructura, Producción de los Sujetos Colectivos y Modalidades de Acción, en la Comunidad de Empalme Graneros”
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Date
2007-09-01
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Sección Historia. Instituto Superior de Profesorado N°3 (Villa Constitución, Argentina)
Abstract
Description
Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX y sin cancelación aún, ha venido desplegándose en el escenario histórico-social mundial y repercutiendo al interior de las ciencias sociales latinoamericanas un debate sociológico-antropológico; cuyo énfasis radica en la confrontación de las posturas asumidas en torno a la cuestión de la preeminencia de la estructura social por sobre las motivaciones individuales, y/o la capacidad de generar acciones estratégicas por parte de los sujetos colectivos para transformar la normativa objetivante que sistemáticamente intenta constreñirlos. La intención de este artículo es rescatar la concepción de dinámica dialéctica entendida en términos de relaciones de fuerza y lucha de clases para explicitar dicha vinculación; es decir, la pugna de intereses entre los grupos dominantes que ejercen su poder a través de las instituciones del Estado y sus efectos y aquellos que compartiendo una misma situación de pobreza, explotación y marginalidad le oponen resistencia, analizándola desde la problemática de la violencia social y su dispersión en los diversos ámbitos interaccionales de una barriada rosarina a partir de los discursos, representaciones y prácticas circulantes entre sus habitantes, muchos de los cuales se erigen visiblemente en fuertes polos de estigmatización identitaria.
A sociological-anthropological discussion, which has yet to be finished, has been developing during the second half of the XX century in the historical-social arena, and has been influencing the core of the Latin American social sciences; the emphasis of this issue lies in the confrontation of the assumed opinions around the preeminence of the social structure over the individual motivations, and/or the ability to generate strategic actions to modify the objectifying regulations which try to limit them systematically. The aim of this article is to recover the conception of dialectical dynamics understood in terms of power relationships and class struggles to explain such connections; that is to say, the conflicting interests among the dominant groups which exert their power through the State institutions and their effects, and those who, sharing the same poverty, exploitation and alienation conditions offer resistance, analyzing it from the social violence situation, and its spreading over the various interacting areas in a Rosario neighbourhood, starting from the speeches, representations and practices which circulate among its inhabitants, many of whom visibly raise in strong poles of identity stigmatization.
A sociological-anthropological discussion, which has yet to be finished, has been developing during the second half of the XX century in the historical-social arena, and has been influencing the core of the Latin American social sciences; the emphasis of this issue lies in the confrontation of the assumed opinions around the preeminence of the social structure over the individual motivations, and/or the ability to generate strategic actions to modify the objectifying regulations which try to limit them systematically. The aim of this article is to recover the conception of dialectical dynamics understood in terms of power relationships and class struggles to explain such connections; that is to say, the conflicting interests among the dominant groups which exert their power through the State institutions and their effects, and those who, sharing the same poverty, exploitation and alienation conditions offer resistance, analyzing it from the social violence situation, and its spreading over the various interacting areas in a Rosario neighbourhood, starting from the speeches, representations and practices which circulate among its inhabitants, many of whom visibly raise in strong poles of identity stigmatization.
Keywords
Violencia, Constricciones estructurales, Sujetos colectivos, Movimientos sociales, Estigmas, Violence, Structural restrictions