El género de la gestión pública federal brasileñaI: Mujeres en las carreras de la gestión gubernamental (1995-2017)
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Date
2019-12-16
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Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios sobre las Mujeres. Maestría "Poder y Sociedad desde la Problemática de Género"
Abstract
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Los procesos de producción y reproducción de las desigualdades sociales que estructuran la sociedad brasileña continúan restringiendo las posibilidades de competir por un empleo público a los grupos que no reúnen condiciones para aprobación de concurso público (establecido en la Constitución Federal de 1988 para ocupación de cargos en la administración pública). También determinan los nichos que están abiertos para quien logra ultrapasar las barreras iniciales. En el caso de las mujeres, el empleo público históricamente tuvo relevancia porque otorga garantías para el ejercicio del maternaje, pero las restringió a espacios específicos en las áreas sociales, y aun así sin ocupar cargos relevantes. La investigación que realizamos mostró que ellas están en áreas consideradas no estratégicas, más expuestas al proceso de precarización, y que enfrentan dificultades específicas para la promoción dentro de la carrera administrativa. Las 14 personas entrevistadas nos ayudaron a comprender los mecanismos de discriminación encubiertos.
The processes of production and reproduction of social inequalities that structure Brazilian society continue to restrict the possibilities to compete for public employment to groups that do not meet the conditions for approval of public contest (established in the 1988 Federal Constitution for occupation of positions in public administration). They also determine the niches that are open for those who manage to surpass the initial barriers. In the case of women, public employment historically had relevance because it provides guarantees for the exercise of mothering, but restricted them to specific spaces in social areas, and even then without occupying relevant positions. The research we conducted showed that they are in non-strategic considered areas, more exposed to the precarization process, and that they also face specific difficulties for promotion within the administrative career. The 14 people interviewed helped us understand the covert mechanisms of discrimination.
The processes of production and reproduction of social inequalities that structure Brazilian society continue to restrict the possibilities to compete for public employment to groups that do not meet the conditions for approval of public contest (established in the 1988 Federal Constitution for occupation of positions in public administration). They also determine the niches that are open for those who manage to surpass the initial barriers. In the case of women, public employment historically had relevance because it provides guarantees for the exercise of mothering, but restricted them to specific spaces in social areas, and even then without occupying relevant positions. The research we conducted showed that they are in non-strategic considered areas, more exposed to the precarization process, and that they also face specific difficulties for promotion within the administrative career. The 14 people interviewed helped us understand the covert mechanisms of discrimination.
Keywords
División sexual del trabajo, Sector Público, Carreras, Políticas Públicas, Brasil, Sexual division of labor