Caracterización de aspectos vinculados a la sustentabilidad de la producción bovina en las islas del departamento San Jerónimo.
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Date
2020
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Abstract
La cuenca del Plata es una enorme masa hídrica constituida por los ríos de la
Plata y sus principales afluentes: los ríos Paraná y Uruguay, y una masa de
tributarios menores muyimportante. Esta cuenca cubre un área de 3.170.000
km2.
, que involucra parte de 4 países, Argentina y Brasil, la totalidad de
Paraguay y gran parte del Uruguay. Esta enorme extensión constituye un
ecosistema con características propias y variables en lo referentea clima, flora
y fauna, lo que lo transforma en un enorme humedal con características propias
distintivas. El delta del río Paraná tiene una extensión de 14000 Km2
y una
longitud de 320 km. Esta región se divide en 3 grandes eco-secciones, el delta
superior, medio e inferior.
Las islas motivo de este estudio están ubicadas en el Dto. San Jerónimo de la
provincia de Santa fe y forman parte del delta superior del Paraná. De esta
región se seleccionaron20 islas; algunas de estas pertenecen al Parque Nacional
Islas del Paraná. En otro sentidola totalidad de las mismas están incluidas en el
Sitio Ramsar Delta del Paraná.
El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar unidades ganaderas de la zona de islas
del departamento San Jerónimo de la provincia de Santa Fe e identificar
componentes e indicadores para las distintas dimensiones de la sustentabilidad.
Desde el punto de vista teórico se emplearon conceptos y definiciones sobre
enfoque sistémico, el concepto de campo y abordajes específicos de la
Medicina Veterinaria y la producción animal. Se consideraron las tres
dimensiones clásicas de la sustentabilidad: económico-productiva, social y
ambiental.
Metodológicamente se trabajó con encuestas personales abiertas y cerradas para cada
productor. Fueron seleccionadas 20 islas mediante un sistema dirigido y no probabilístico.
El protocolo de trabajo incluyó planillas con parámetros descriptivos de las unidades
productivas y preguntas con opciones de respuestas estructuradas y una sección con
preguntas abiertas que permitió obtener información de la historia de cada productor
isleño en relación al lugar de residencia y a la actividad que desarrolla.
Los resultados demostraron que las unidades productivas de cada zona estudiada
presentan especificidades productivas, ambientales y sociales compatibles con el
humedal, y también problemáticas vinculadas al contexto del desarrollo territorial.
La valoración de la sustentabilidad de estos sistemas productivos se propone para un
futuro ordenamiento territorial de esta área del Delta del Paraná
The River Plate Basin is an enormous water mass formed by the River Plate and its main tributaries: the Paraná and the Uruguay rivers, and a large mass of smaller tributaries. This basin covers an area of 3170000 km2 which includes parts of Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and the entirety of Paraguay. This vast expanse constitutes an ecosystem with its own distinctive features regarding climate, flora and fauna. The Paraná basin has an area of 14000 Km2 and a length of 320 km. This region is divided into three large ecosections: the upper delta, the middle delta and the lower delta. The islands described in this study are located in the department of San Jerónimo in the province of Santa Fe and form part of the Paraná upper delta. From this region, twenty islands were selected. Some of these islands belong to the “Islas del Paraná” national park, and all of them are included in the Paraná Delta Ramsar Site. The aim of this study is to describe and assess cattle raising on the above-mentioned islands and identify components and indicators of the different dimensions of sustainability. As regards the theoretical framework, concepts and definitions derived from systems theory, field theory, veterinary medicine and stockbreeding have been adopted. In addition, the classical three dimensions of sustainability have been considered: economic productive, social and environmental. In connection with the research methodology, personal surveys, both open and closed, of each producer have been used. Twenty islands have been selected through a directed and non-probabilistic system. The work protocol included spreadsheets with descriptive parameters of the productive units and closed-ended questions as well as open-ended questions which have provided information about the island producers’ way of life and work. The results have shown that the productive units of each area present specific production, environmental and social characteristics compatible with the island territory as well as problems related to the socio-economic development of the area. The assessment of the sustainability of these productive systems is offered for a future territorial organisation of this area of the Parana river delta
The River Plate Basin is an enormous water mass formed by the River Plate and its main tributaries: the Paraná and the Uruguay rivers, and a large mass of smaller tributaries. This basin covers an area of 3170000 km2 which includes parts of Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and the entirety of Paraguay. This vast expanse constitutes an ecosystem with its own distinctive features regarding climate, flora and fauna. The Paraná basin has an area of 14000 Km2 and a length of 320 km. This region is divided into three large ecosections: the upper delta, the middle delta and the lower delta. The islands described in this study are located in the department of San Jerónimo in the province of Santa Fe and form part of the Paraná upper delta. From this region, twenty islands were selected. Some of these islands belong to the “Islas del Paraná” national park, and all of them are included in the Paraná Delta Ramsar Site. The aim of this study is to describe and assess cattle raising on the above-mentioned islands and identify components and indicators of the different dimensions of sustainability. As regards the theoretical framework, concepts and definitions derived from systems theory, field theory, veterinary medicine and stockbreeding have been adopted. In addition, the classical three dimensions of sustainability have been considered: economic productive, social and environmental. In connection with the research methodology, personal surveys, both open and closed, of each producer have been used. Twenty islands have been selected through a directed and non-probabilistic system. The work protocol included spreadsheets with descriptive parameters of the productive units and closed-ended questions as well as open-ended questions which have provided information about the island producers’ way of life and work. The results have shown that the productive units of each area present specific production, environmental and social characteristics compatible with the island territory as well as problems related to the socio-economic development of the area. The assessment of the sustainability of these productive systems is offered for a future territorial organisation of this area of the Parana river delta
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Keywords
Delta del Paraná, San Jerónimo, Santa Fe, Producción pecuaria, Sustentabilidad, Sostenibilidad, Gnado bovino